Boise ID vs Modesto CA — Cost of Living, Crime & Income Comparison 2026
Updated May 2026 · Source: US Census ACS 5-Year (2023), FBI CDE (2023), BLS OEWS (2024)
Boise, ID
Idaho · Population: 235,701
- Median HH Income$81,308
- Median Home Price$504,894
- Unemployment3.8%
- Bachelor's+46.6%
Modesto, CA
California · Population: 218,614
- Median HH Income$77,899
- Median Home Price$447,353
- Unemployment7.3%
- Bachelor's+20.3%
Detailed Comparison
Demographics
Population
Boise
235,701
Boise +
Modesto
218,614
Pop. Density / sq mi
Lower = more space
Boise
N/A
Modesto
N/A
Median Age
Boise
38.2
Modesto
35.4
Modesto +
Foreign Born
Boise
7.2%
Modesto
18.7%
Modesto +
White
Boise
83.6%
Boise +
Modesto
50.8%
Black
Boise
1.4%
Modesto
4.7%
Modesto +
Asian
Boise
3.4%
Modesto
7.4%
Modesto +
Hispanic
Boise
9.5%
Modesto
43.9%
Modesto +
Spanish at Home
Boise
N/A
Modesto
N/A
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 235,701 | 218,614 | Boise + |
| Pop. Density / sq miLower = more space | N/A | N/A | - |
| Median Age | 38.2 | 35.4 | Modesto + |
| Foreign Born | 7.2% | 18.7% | Modesto + |
| White | 83.6% | 50.8% | Boise + |
| Black | 1.4% | 4.7% | Modesto + |
| Asian | 3.4% | 7.4% | Modesto + |
| Hispanic | 9.5% | 43.9% | Modesto + |
| Spanish at Home | N/A | N/A | - |
Economy
Median HH Income
Boise
$81,308
Boise +
Modesto
$77,899
Per Capita Income
Boise
$48,274
Boise +
Modesto
$34,656
Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)
BEA MSA-level
Boise
$57,074
Modesto
$77,230
Modesto +
Unemployment Rate
Boise
3.8%
Boise +
Modesto
7.3%
Poverty Rate
Boise
10.6%
Boise +
Modesto
13.0%
Bachelor's Degree+
Boise
46.6%
Boise +
Modesto
20.3%
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median HH Income | $81,308 | $77,899 | Boise + |
| Per Capita Income | $48,274 | $34,656 | Boise + |
| Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)BEA MSA-level | $57,074 | $77,230 | Modesto + |
| Unemployment Rate | 3.8% | 7.3% | Boise + |
| Poverty Rate | 10.6% | 13.0% | Boise + |
| Bachelor's Degree+ | 46.6% | 20.3% | Boise + |
Housing
Median Home Value
Zillow ZHVI / Census ACS
Boise
$504,894
Modesto
$447,353
Modesto +
Homeownership Rate
Boise
63.0%
Boise +
Modesto
58.4%
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median Home ValueZillow ZHVI / Census ACS | $504,894 | $447,353 | Modesto + |
| Homeownership Rate | 63.0% | 58.4% | Boise + |
Safety
Violent Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Boise
251
Boise +
Modesto
503
Property Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Boise
958
Boise +
Modesto
2388
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Violent Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 251 | 503 | Boise + |
| Property Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 958 | 2388 | Boise + |
Health
Obesity Rate
CDC PLACES
Boise
N/A
Modesto
36.2%
Diabetes Rate
CDC PLACES
Boise
N/A
Modesto
12.1%
Poor Mental Health
CDC PLACES — 14+ days/month
Boise
N/A
Modesto
19.0%
No Health Insurance
CDC PLACES
Boise
N/A
Modesto
13.0%
Binge Drinking
CDC PLACES
Boise
N/A
Modesto
16.5%
Current Smokers
CDC PLACES
Boise
N/A
Modesto
13.7%
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity RateCDC PLACES | N/A | 36.2% | - |
| Diabetes RateCDC PLACES | N/A | 12.1% | - |
| Poor Mental HealthCDC PLACES — 14+ days/month | N/A | 19.0% | - |
| No Health InsuranceCDC PLACES | N/A | 13.0% | - |
| Binge DrinkingCDC PLACES | N/A | 16.5% | - |
| Current SmokersCDC PLACES | N/A | 13.7% | - |
Climate
Avg Annual Temp
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Boise
49.9°F
Boise +
Modesto
63.7°F
Annual Precipitation
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Boise
18.6 in
Modesto
13.1 in
Modesto +
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avg Annual TempNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 49.9°F | 63.7°F | Boise + |
| Annual PrecipitationNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 18.6 in | 13.1 in | Modesto + |
Air Quality
PM2.5 Annual Avg
EPA AQS (state-level est.)
Boise
7.7 µg/m³
Boise +
Modesto
7.9 µg/m³
Good Air Days
AQI ≤ 50
Boise
75.0%
Modesto
75.0%
Tie
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 Annual AvgEPA AQS (state-level est.) | 7.7 µg/m³ | 7.9 µg/m³ | Boise + |
| Good Air DaysAQI ≤ 50 | 75.0% | 75.0% | Tie |
Commute
Mean Commute Time
Census ACS
Boise
20.4 min
Boise +
Modesto
30.5 min
| Metric | Boise, ID | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Commute TimeCensus ACS | 20.4 min | 30.5 min | Boise + |
Which City is Right for You?
Boise leads in median household income at $81,308, while modesto offers more affordable housing with a median home price of $447,353. On public safety, Boise is safer with a violent crime rate of 251 per 100,000 residents, compared to 503 in Modesto. Boise has a lower unemployment rate at 3.8%, and Boise has cleaner air (PM2.5 avg 7.7 µg/m³).
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