Des Moines IA vs Modesto CA — Cost of Living, Crime & Income Comparison 2026
Updated May 2026 · Source: US Census ACS 5-Year (2023), FBI CDE (2023), BLS OEWS (2024)
Des Moines, IA
Iowa · Population: 212,464
- Median HH Income$63,966
- Median Home Price$210,703
- Unemployment5.8%
- Bachelor's+29.0%
Modesto, CA
California · Population: 218,614
- Median HH Income$77,899
- Median Home Price$447,353
- Unemployment7.3%
- Bachelor's+20.3%
Detailed Comparison
Demographics
Population
Des Moines
212,464
Modesto
218,614
Modesto +
Pop. Density / sq mi
Lower = more space
Des Moines
N/A
Modesto
N/A
Median Age
Des Moines
34.6
Des Moines +
Modesto
35.4
Foreign Born
Des Moines
14.0%
Modesto
18.7%
Modesto +
White
Des Moines
66.9%
Des Moines +
Modesto
50.8%
Black
Des Moines
12.0%
Des Moines +
Modesto
4.7%
Asian
Des Moines
6.2%
Modesto
7.4%
Modesto +
Hispanic
Des Moines
16.0%
Modesto
43.9%
Modesto +
Spanish at Home
Des Moines
N/A
Modesto
N/A
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 212,464 | 218,614 | Modesto + |
| Pop. Density / sq miLower = more space | N/A | N/A | - |
| Median Age | 34.6 | 35.4 | Des Moines + |
| Foreign Born | 14.0% | 18.7% | Modesto + |
| White | 66.9% | 50.8% | Des Moines + |
| Black | 12.0% | 4.7% | Des Moines + |
| Asian | 6.2% | 7.4% | Modesto + |
| Hispanic | 16.0% | 43.9% | Modesto + |
| Spanish at Home | N/A | N/A | - |
Economy
Median HH Income
Des Moines
$63,966
Modesto
$77,899
Modesto +
Per Capita Income
Des Moines
$36,459
Des Moines +
Modesto
$34,656
Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)
BEA MSA-level
Des Moines
$61,226
Modesto
$77,230
Modesto +
Unemployment Rate
Des Moines
5.8%
Des Moines +
Modesto
7.3%
Poverty Rate
Des Moines
14.9%
Modesto
13.0%
Modesto +
Bachelor's Degree+
Des Moines
29.0%
Des Moines +
Modesto
20.3%
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median HH Income | $63,966 | $77,899 | Modesto + |
| Per Capita Income | $36,459 | $34,656 | Des Moines + |
| Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)BEA MSA-level | $61,226 | $77,230 | Modesto + |
| Unemployment Rate | 5.8% | 7.3% | Des Moines + |
| Poverty Rate | 14.9% | 13.0% | Modesto + |
| Bachelor's Degree+ | 29.0% | 20.3% | Des Moines + |
Housing
Median Home Value
Zillow ZHVI / Census ACS
Des Moines
$210,703
Des Moines +
Modesto
$447,353
Homeownership Rate
Des Moines
60.5%
Des Moines +
Modesto
58.4%
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median Home ValueZillow ZHVI / Census ACS | $210,703 | $447,353 | Des Moines + |
| Homeownership Rate | 60.5% | 58.4% | Des Moines + |
Safety
Violent Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Des Moines
296
Des Moines +
Modesto
503
Property Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Des Moines
1452
Des Moines +
Modesto
2388
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Violent Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 296 | 503 | Des Moines + |
| Property Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 1452 | 2388 | Des Moines + |
Health
Obesity Rate
CDC PLACES
Des Moines
39.4%
Modesto
36.2%
Modesto +
Diabetes Rate
CDC PLACES
Des Moines
11.8%
Des Moines +
Modesto
12.1%
Poor Mental Health
CDC PLACES — 14+ days/month
Des Moines
19.0%
Modesto
19.0%
Tie
No Health Insurance
CDC PLACES
Des Moines
10.6%
Des Moines +
Modesto
13.0%
Binge Drinking
CDC PLACES
Des Moines
19.8%
Modesto
16.5%
Modesto +
Current Smokers
CDC PLACES
Des Moines
16.4%
Modesto
13.7%
Modesto +
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity RateCDC PLACES | 39.4% | 36.2% | Modesto + |
| Diabetes RateCDC PLACES | 11.8% | 12.1% | Des Moines + |
| Poor Mental HealthCDC PLACES — 14+ days/month | 19.0% | 19.0% | Tie |
| No Health InsuranceCDC PLACES | 10.6% | 13.0% | Des Moines + |
| Binge DrinkingCDC PLACES | 19.8% | 16.5% | Modesto + |
| Current SmokersCDC PLACES | 16.4% | 13.7% | Modesto + |
Climate
Avg Annual Temp
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Des Moines
49.9°F
Des Moines +
Modesto
63.7°F
Annual Precipitation
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Des Moines
35.6 in
Modesto
13.1 in
Modesto +
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avg Annual TempNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 49.9°F | 63.7°F | Des Moines + |
| Annual PrecipitationNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 35.6 in | 13.1 in | Modesto + |
Air Quality
PM2.5 Annual Avg
EPA AQS (state-level est.)
Des Moines
10.2 µg/m³
Modesto
7.9 µg/m³
Modesto +
Good Air Days
AQI ≤ 50
Des Moines
55.0%
Modesto
75.0%
Modesto +
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 Annual AvgEPA AQS (state-level est.) | 10.2 µg/m³ | 7.9 µg/m³ | Modesto + |
| Good Air DaysAQI ≤ 50 | 55.0% | 75.0% | Modesto + |
Commute
Mean Commute Time
Census ACS
Des Moines
21.1 min
Des Moines +
Modesto
30.5 min
| Metric | Des Moines, IA | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Commute TimeCensus ACS | 21.1 min | 30.5 min | Des Moines + |
Which City is Right for You?
Modesto leads in median household income at $77,899, while des Moines offers more affordable housing with a median home price of $210,703. On public safety, Des Moines is safer with a violent crime rate of 296 per 100,000 residents, compared to 503 in Modesto. Des Moines has a lower unemployment rate at 5.8%, and Modesto has cleaner air (PM2.5 avg 7.9 µg/m³). For overall health outcomes, Modesto scores better with a lower obesity rate of 36.2%.
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