Chicago IL vs Modesto CA — Cost of Living, Crime & Income Comparison 2026
Updated May 2026 · Source: US Census ACS 5-Year (2023), FBI CDE (2023), BLS OEWS (2024)
Chicago, IL
Illinois · Population: 2,707,648
- Median HH Income$75,134
- Median Home Price$324,183
- Unemployment7.9%
- Bachelor's+43.3%
Modesto, CA
California · Population: 218,614
- Median HH Income$77,899
- Median Home Price$447,353
- Unemployment7.3%
- Bachelor's+20.3%
Detailed Comparison
Demographics
Population
Chicago
2,707,648
Chicago +
Modesto
218,614
Pop. Density / sq mi
Lower = more space
Chicago
N/A
Modesto
N/A
Median Age
Chicago
35.7
Modesto
35.4
Modesto +
Foreign Born
Chicago
20.7%
Chicago +
Modesto
18.7%
White
Chicago
39.1%
Modesto
50.8%
Modesto +
Black
Chicago
28.4%
Chicago +
Modesto
4.7%
Asian
Chicago
7.1%
Modesto
7.4%
Modesto +
Hispanic
Chicago
29.6%
Modesto
43.9%
Modesto +
Spanish at Home
Chicago
N/A
Modesto
N/A
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 2,707,648 | 218,614 | Chicago + |
| Pop. Density / sq miLower = more space | N/A | N/A | - |
| Median Age | 35.7 | 35.4 | Modesto + |
| Foreign Born | 20.7% | 18.7% | Chicago + |
| White | 39.1% | 50.8% | Modesto + |
| Black | 28.4% | 4.7% | Chicago + |
| Asian | 7.1% | 7.4% | Modesto + |
| Hispanic | 29.6% | 43.9% | Modesto + |
| Spanish at Home | N/A | N/A | - |
Economy
Median HH Income
Chicago
$75,134
Modesto
$77,899
Modesto +
Per Capita Income
Chicago
$48,148
Chicago +
Modesto
$34,656
Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)
BEA MSA-level
Chicago
$68,110
Modesto
$77,230
Modesto +
Unemployment Rate
Chicago
7.9%
Modesto
7.3%
Modesto +
Poverty Rate
Chicago
16.8%
Modesto
13.0%
Modesto +
Bachelor's Degree+
Chicago
43.3%
Chicago +
Modesto
20.3%
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median HH Income | $75,134 | $77,899 | Modesto + |
| Per Capita Income | $48,148 | $34,656 | Chicago + |
| Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)BEA MSA-level | $68,110 | $77,230 | Modesto + |
| Unemployment Rate | 7.9% | 7.3% | Modesto + |
| Poverty Rate | 16.8% | 13.0% | Modesto + |
| Bachelor's Degree+ | 43.3% | 20.3% | Chicago + |
Housing
Median Home Value
Zillow ZHVI / Census ACS
Chicago
$324,183
Chicago +
Modesto
$447,353
Homeownership Rate
Chicago
45.5%
Modesto
58.4%
Modesto +
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median Home ValueZillow ZHVI / Census ACS | $324,183 | $447,353 | Chicago + |
| Homeownership Rate | 45.5% | 58.4% | Modesto + |
Safety
Violent Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Chicago
344
Chicago +
Modesto
503
Property Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Chicago
1842
Chicago +
Modesto
2388
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Violent Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 344 | 503 | Chicago + |
| Property Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 1842 | 2388 | Chicago + |
Health
Obesity Rate
CDC PLACES
Chicago
32.6%
Chicago +
Modesto
36.2%
Diabetes Rate
CDC PLACES
Chicago
12.0%
Chicago +
Modesto
12.1%
Poor Mental Health
CDC PLACES — 14+ days/month
Chicago
16.0%
Chicago +
Modesto
19.0%
No Health Insurance
CDC PLACES
Chicago
13.6%
Modesto
13.0%
Modesto +
Binge Drinking
CDC PLACES
Chicago
19.0%
Modesto
16.5%
Modesto +
Current Smokers
CDC PLACES
Chicago
11.9%
Chicago +
Modesto
13.7%
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity RateCDC PLACES | 32.6% | 36.2% | Chicago + |
| Diabetes RateCDC PLACES | 12.0% | 12.1% | Chicago + |
| Poor Mental HealthCDC PLACES — 14+ days/month | 16.0% | 19.0% | Chicago + |
| No Health InsuranceCDC PLACES | 13.6% | 13.0% | Modesto + |
| Binge DrinkingCDC PLACES | 19.0% | 16.5% | Modesto + |
| Current SmokersCDC PLACES | 11.9% | 13.7% | Chicago + |
Climate
Avg Annual Temp
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Chicago
49.2°F
Chicago +
Modesto
63.7°F
Annual Precipitation
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Chicago
37.8 in
Modesto
13.1 in
Modesto +
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avg Annual TempNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 49.2°F | 63.7°F | Chicago + |
| Annual PrecipitationNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 37.8 in | 13.1 in | Modesto + |
Air Quality
PM2.5 Annual Avg
EPA AQS (state-level est.)
Chicago
9.4 µg/m³
Modesto
7.9 µg/m³
Modesto +
Good Air Days
AQI ≤ 50
Chicago
55.0%
Modesto
75.0%
Modesto +
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 Annual AvgEPA AQS (state-level est.) | 9.4 µg/m³ | 7.9 µg/m³ | Modesto + |
| Good Air DaysAQI ≤ 50 | 55.0% | 75.0% | Modesto + |
Commute
Mean Commute Time
Census ACS
Chicago
36.5 min
Modesto
30.5 min
Modesto +
| Metric | Chicago, IL | Modesto, CA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Commute TimeCensus ACS | 36.5 min | 30.5 min | Modesto + |
Which City is Right for You?
Modesto leads in median household income at $77,899, while chicago offers more affordable housing with a median home price of $324,183. On public safety, Chicago is safer with a violent crime rate of 344 per 100,000 residents, compared to 503 in Modesto. Modesto has a lower unemployment rate at 7.3%, and Modesto has cleaner air (PM2.5 avg 7.9 µg/m³). For overall health outcomes, Chicago scores better with a lower obesity rate of 32.6%.
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