Madison WI vs Norfolk VA — Cost of Living, Crime & Income Comparison 2026
Updated May 2026 · Source: US Census ACS 5-Year (2023), FBI CDE (2023), BLS OEWS (2024)
Madison, WI
Wisconsin · Population: 275,568
- Median HH Income$76,983
- Median Home Price$429,253
- Unemployment2.7%
- Bachelor's+59.2%
Norfolk, VA
Virginia · Population: 235,037
- Median HH Income$64,017
- Median Home Price$310,519
- Unemployment6.1%
- Bachelor's+32.7%
Detailed Comparison
Demographics
Population
Madison
275,568
Madison +
Norfolk
235,037
Pop. Density / sq mi
Lower = more space
Madison
N/A
Norfolk
N/A
Median Age
Madison
31.8
Madison +
Norfolk
32.4
Foreign Born
Madison
11.6%
Madison +
Norfolk
7.7%
White
Madison
73.0%
Madison +
Norfolk
44.0%
Black
Madison
7.1%
Norfolk
39.8%
Norfolk +
Asian
Madison
8.0%
Madison +
Norfolk
3.7%
Hispanic
Madison
9.3%
Norfolk
9.9%
Norfolk +
Spanish at Home
Madison
N/A
Norfolk
N/A
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 275,568 | 235,037 | Madison + |
| Pop. Density / sq miLower = more space | N/A | N/A | - |
| Median Age | 31.8 | 32.4 | Madison + |
| Foreign Born | 11.6% | 7.7% | Madison + |
| White | 73.0% | 44.0% | Madison + |
| Black | 7.1% | 39.8% | Norfolk + |
| Asian | 8.0% | 3.7% | Madison + |
| Hispanic | 9.3% | 9.9% | Norfolk + |
| Spanish at Home | N/A | N/A | - |
Economy
Median HH Income
Madison
$76,983
Madison +
Norfolk
$64,017
Per Capita Income
Madison
$48,557
Madison +
Norfolk
$37,433
Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)
BEA MSA-level
Madison
$61,837
Norfolk
$69,581
Norfolk +
Unemployment Rate
Madison
2.7%
Madison +
Norfolk
6.1%
Poverty Rate
Madison
16.2%
Madison +
Norfolk
17.3%
Bachelor's Degree+
Madison
59.2%
Madison +
Norfolk
32.7%
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median HH Income | $76,983 | $64,017 | Madison + |
| Per Capita Income | $48,557 | $37,433 | Madison + |
| Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)BEA MSA-level | $61,837 | $69,581 | Norfolk + |
| Unemployment Rate | 2.7% | 6.1% | Madison + |
| Poverty Rate | 16.2% | 17.3% | Madison + |
| Bachelor's Degree+ | 59.2% | 32.7% | Madison + |
Housing
Median Home Value
Zillow ZHVI / Census ACS
Madison
$429,253
Norfolk
$310,519
Norfolk +
Homeownership Rate
Madison
46.6%
Madison +
Norfolk
45.7%
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median Home ValueZillow ZHVI / Census ACS | $429,253 | $310,519 | Norfolk + |
| Homeownership Rate | 46.6% | 45.7% | Madison + |
Safety
Violent Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Madison
309
Norfolk
240
Norfolk +
Property Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Madison
1392
Madison +
Norfolk
1726
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Violent Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 309 | 240 | Norfolk + |
| Property Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 1392 | 1726 | Madison + |
Health
Obesity Rate
CDC PLACES
Madison
32.7%
Madison +
Norfolk
39.9%
Diabetes Rate
CDC PLACES
Madison
7.4%
Madison +
Norfolk
12.4%
Poor Mental Health
CDC PLACES — 14+ days/month
Madison
16.5%
Madison +
Norfolk
19.4%
No Health Insurance
CDC PLACES
Madison
7.9%
Madison +
Norfolk
10.9%
Binge Drinking
CDC PLACES
Madison
20.8%
Norfolk
17.1%
Norfolk +
Current Smokers
CDC PLACES
Madison
10.2%
Madison +
Norfolk
13.7%
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity RateCDC PLACES | 32.7% | 39.9% | Madison + |
| Diabetes RateCDC PLACES | 7.4% | 12.4% | Madison + |
| Poor Mental HealthCDC PLACES — 14+ days/month | 16.5% | 19.4% | Madison + |
| No Health InsuranceCDC PLACES | 7.9% | 10.9% | Madison + |
| Binge DrinkingCDC PLACES | 20.8% | 17.1% | Norfolk + |
| Current SmokersCDC PLACES | 10.2% | 13.7% | Madison + |
Climate
Avg Annual Temp
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Madison
46.7°F
Madison +
Norfolk
60.6°F
Annual Precipitation
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Madison
37.3 in
Madison +
Norfolk
50.8 in
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avg Annual TempNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 46.7°F | 60.6°F | Madison + |
| Annual PrecipitationNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 37.3 in | 50.8 in | Madison + |
Air Quality
PM2.5 Annual Avg
EPA AQS (state-level est.)
Madison
9.3 µg/m³
Norfolk
8.2 µg/m³
Norfolk +
Good Air Days
AQI ≤ 50
Madison
55.0%
Norfolk
75.0%
Norfolk +
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 Annual AvgEPA AQS (state-level est.) | 9.3 µg/m³ | 8.2 µg/m³ | Norfolk + |
| Good Air DaysAQI ≤ 50 | 55.0% | 75.0% | Norfolk + |
Commute
Mean Commute Time
Census ACS
Madison
21.2 min
Madison +
Norfolk
24.4 min
| Metric | Madison, WI | Norfolk, VA | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Commute TimeCensus ACS | 21.2 min | 24.4 min | Madison + |
Which City is Right for You?
Madison leads in median household income at $76,983, while norfolk offers more affordable housing with a median home price of $310,519. On public safety, Norfolk is safer with a violent crime rate of 240 per 100,000 residents, compared to 309 in Madison. Madison has a lower unemployment rate at 2.7%, and Norfolk has cleaner air (PM2.5 avg 8.2 µg/m³). For overall health outcomes, Madison scores better with a lower obesity rate of 32.7%.
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