Modesto CA vs Thornton CO — Cost of Living, Crime & Income Comparison 2026
Updated May 2026 · Source: US Census ACS 5-Year (2023), FBI CDE (2023), BLS OEWS (2024)
Modesto, CA
California · Population: 218,614
- Median HH Income$77,899
- Median Home Price$447,353
- Unemployment7.3%
- Bachelor's+20.3%
Thornton, CO
Colorado · Population: 142,878
- Median HH Income$100,985
- Median Home Price$505,085
- Unemployment4.6%
- Bachelor's+32.2%
Detailed Comparison
Demographics
Population
Modesto
218,614
Modesto +
Thornton
142,878
Pop. Density / sq mi
Lower = more space
Modesto
N/A
Thornton
N/A
Median Age
Modesto
35.4
Thornton
34.3
Thornton +
Foreign Born
Modesto
18.7%
Modesto +
Thornton
14.5%
White
Modesto
50.8%
Thornton
63.5%
Thornton +
Black
Modesto
4.7%
Modesto +
Thornton
2.2%
Asian
Modesto
7.4%
Modesto +
Thornton
5.8%
Hispanic
Modesto
43.9%
Modesto +
Thornton
37.4%
Spanish at Home
Modesto
N/A
Thornton
N/A
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 218,614 | 142,878 | Modesto + |
| Pop. Density / sq miLower = more space | N/A | N/A | - |
| Median Age | 35.4 | 34.3 | Thornton + |
| Foreign Born | 18.7% | 14.5% | Modesto + |
| White | 50.8% | 63.5% | Thornton + |
| Black | 4.7% | 2.2% | Modesto + |
| Asian | 7.4% | 5.8% | Modesto + |
| Hispanic | 43.9% | 37.4% | Modesto + |
| Spanish at Home | N/A | N/A | - |
Economy
Median HH Income
Modesto
$77,899
Thornton
$100,985
Thornton +
Per Capita Income
Modesto
$34,656
Thornton
$41,869
Thornton +
Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)
BEA MSA-level
Modesto
$77,230
Modesto +
Thornton
$76,653
Unemployment Rate
Modesto
7.3%
Thornton
4.6%
Thornton +
Poverty Rate
Modesto
13.0%
Thornton
7.3%
Thornton +
Bachelor's Degree+
Modesto
20.3%
Thornton
32.2%
Thornton +
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median HH Income | $77,899 | $100,985 | Thornton + |
| Per Capita Income | $34,656 | $41,869 | Thornton + |
| Per Capita Personal Income (MSA)BEA MSA-level | $77,230 | $76,653 | Modesto + |
| Unemployment Rate | 7.3% | 4.6% | Thornton + |
| Poverty Rate | 13.0% | 7.3% | Thornton + |
| Bachelor's Degree+ | 20.3% | 32.2% | Thornton + |
Housing
Median Home Value
Zillow ZHVI / Census ACS
Modesto
$447,353
Modesto +
Thornton
$505,085
Homeownership Rate
Modesto
58.4%
Thornton
73.1%
Thornton +
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median Home ValueZillow ZHVI / Census ACS | $447,353 | $505,085 | Modesto + |
| Homeownership Rate | 58.4% | 73.1% | Thornton + |
Safety
Violent Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Modesto
503
Modesto +
Thornton
512
Property Crime / 100K
FBI CDE (state-level est.)
Modesto
2388
Modesto +
Thornton
3234
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Violent Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 503 | 512 | Modesto + |
| Property Crime / 100KFBI CDE (state-level est.) | 2388 | 3234 | Modesto + |
Health
Obesity Rate
CDC PLACES
Modesto
36.2%
Thornton
31.8%
Thornton +
Diabetes Rate
CDC PLACES
Modesto
12.1%
Thornton
8.8%
Thornton +
Poor Mental Health
CDC PLACES — 14+ days/month
Modesto
19.0%
Thornton
17.0%
Thornton +
No Health Insurance
CDC PLACES
Modesto
13.0%
Modesto +
Thornton
15.2%
Binge Drinking
CDC PLACES
Modesto
16.5%
Modesto +
Thornton
17.4%
Current Smokers
CDC PLACES
Modesto
13.7%
Thornton
12.6%
Thornton +
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity RateCDC PLACES | 36.2% | 31.8% | Thornton + |
| Diabetes RateCDC PLACES | 12.1% | 8.8% | Thornton + |
| Poor Mental HealthCDC PLACES — 14+ days/month | 19.0% | 17.0% | Thornton + |
| No Health InsuranceCDC PLACES | 13.0% | 15.2% | Modesto + |
| Binge DrinkingCDC PLACES | 16.5% | 17.4% | Modesto + |
| Current SmokersCDC PLACES | 13.7% | 12.6% | Thornton + |
Climate
Avg Annual Temp
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Modesto
63.7°F
Thornton
N/A
Annual Precipitation
NOAA 1991–2020 normal
Modesto
13.1 in
Thornton
N/A
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Avg Annual TempNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 63.7°F | N/A | - |
| Annual PrecipitationNOAA 1991–2020 normal | 13.1 in | N/A | - |
Air Quality
PM2.5 Annual Avg
EPA AQS (state-level est.)
Modesto
7.9 µg/m³
Thornton
6.2 µg/m³
Thornton +
Good Air Days
AQI ≤ 50
Modesto
75.0%
Thornton
75.0%
Tie
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 Annual AvgEPA AQS (state-level est.) | 7.9 µg/m³ | 6.2 µg/m³ | Thornton + |
| Good Air DaysAQI ≤ 50 | 75.0% | 75.0% | Tie |
Commute
Mean Commute Time
Census ACS
Modesto
30.5 min
Modesto +
Thornton
32.8 min
| Metric | Modesto, CA | Thornton, CO | Better |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean Commute TimeCensus ACS | 30.5 min | 32.8 min | Modesto + |
Which City is Right for You?
Thornton leads in median household income at $100,985, while modesto offers more affordable housing with a median home price of $447,353. On public safety, Modesto is safer with a violent crime rate of 503 per 100,000 residents, compared to 512 in Thornton. Thornton has a lower unemployment rate at 4.6%, and Thornton has cleaner air (PM2.5 avg 6.2 µg/m³). For overall health outcomes, Thornton scores better with a lower obesity rate of 31.8%.
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